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Cat-scratch disease
Cat-scratch disease (CSD), also known as cat-scratch fever,〔 Teeny's disease,〔 inoculation lymphoreticulosis,〔 and subacute regional lymphadenitis, is a common and usually benign infectious disease caused by a bacterium, either ''Bartonella henselae'' or ''Bartonella quintana''.〔 It is most commonly found in children following a scratch or bite from a cat〔 within about one to two weeks.
== Signs and symptoms ==
Cat-scratch disease commonly presents as tender, swollen lymph nodes near the site of the inoculating bite or scratch or on the neck, and is usually limited to one side. This condition is referred to as regional lymphadenopathy and occurs 1–3 weeks after inoculation.〔 Lymphadenopathy in CSD most commonly occurs in the arms, neck, or jaw, but may also occur near the groin or around the ear.〔 A vesicle or an erythematous papule may form at the site of initial infection.〔 Most patients also develop systemic symptoms such as malaise, decreased appetite, and aches.〔 Other associated complaints include headache, chills, muscular pains, joint pains, arthritis, backache, and abdominal pain. It may take 7 to 14 days, or as long as two months, for symptoms to appear. Most cases are benign and self-limiting, but lymphadenopathy may persist for several months after other symptoms disappear.〔 The disease usually resolves spontaneously, with or without treatment, in one month.
In rare situations, CSD can lead to the development of serious neurologic or cardiac sequelae such as meningoencephalitis, encephalopathy, seizures, or endocarditis.〔 Endocarditis associated with ''Bartonella'' infection has a particularly high mortality.〔 Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome is the most common ocular manifestation of CSD,〔 and is a granulomatous conjunctivitis with concurrent swelling of the lymph node near the ear. Optic neuritis or neuroretinitis is one of the atypical presentations.
Immunocompromised patients are susceptible to other conditions associated with ''B. henselae'' and ''B. quintana'', such as bacillary angiomatosis or bacillary peliosis.〔 Bacillary angiomatosis is primarily a vascular skin lesion that may extend to bone or be present in other areas of the body. In the typical scenario, the patient has HIV or another cause of severe immune dysfunction. Bacillary peliosis is caused by ''B. henselae'' that most often affects patients with HIV and other conditions causing severe immune compromise. The liver and spleen are primarily affected, with findings of blood-filled cystic spaces on pathology. In 2015 a Toledo, Ohio woman lost eyesight in an eye after a cat licked it.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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